Linux Cache

使用脚本定时获取接口动态IP并处理保存

[root@localhost tmp]# cat listip.sh
#
#!/bin/bash

# run @ every 3 hour

cd /tmp/
#执行ping获取花生壳服务所返回的接口IP地址
/bin/ping ddns.domain.com -c 1 |grep 'time=' |awk {'print $4'} > listip.tmp
#处理IP地址后面的:符号
newip=$(sed -e 's/.$//' listip.tmp)
#将处理过的IP存入按日生成临时文件
echo $newip >> ip.`date +%y%m%d`.tmp

exit 0;

[root@localhost tmp]# cat getip.sh
#
#!/bin/bash

# run @ everyday 23:50

cd /tmp/
#对按日生成临时文件中的IP地址进行排序并去除重复行导入按日保存文件
sort -k2n ip.`date +%y%m%d`.tmp |uniq > ip.`date +%y%m%d`.txt

rm -f ip.`date +%y%m%d`.tmp

exit 0;
[root@localhost tmp]#

MySQL Workbench

Failed to Connect to MySQL at xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx:3306 with user ssrdba

Host '113.118.138.xxx' is blocked because of many connection errors; unblock with 'mysqladmin flush-hosts'

用于防止暴力猜解密码的安全设置。

同一IP在一段时间内产生超过系统参数指定的已断开数据库连接次数，系统强制不再接受任何连接请求。

系统默认参数值

解除锁定的方法

[root@iZ94ns7f32vZ ~]# mysqladmin -uroot -p flush-hosts
Enter password:
[root@iZ94ns7f32vZ ~]#

修改参数值

set global max_connect_errors = 100;

或修改my.cnf配置文件

max_connect_errors = 100

内建角色

https://docs.mongodb.com/v2.6/reference/built-in-roles/

命令参考

https://docs.mongodb.com/v2.6/reference/method/

MongoDB 2.6.11 CentOS7.2.1511 EPEL
安全设置
以安全认证模式启动

启动时使用参数–auth或修改配置文件启用认证后重启服务

[root@localhost ~]# vi /etc/mongod.conf
# Run with/without security (without by default)
#auth = true
#noauth = true
auth = true

创建用户帐户及角色

> use admin
> db.createUser({"user":"admin","pwd":"adminpwd","roles":["root"]}）
>

重新启动Mongodb服务
创建一个新数据库并设置用户帐户及角色

> use admin
> db.auth("admin","passwd")
1
> use abc123
switched to db abc123
> db.createUser({"user":"abc","pwd":"123","roles":["readWrite"]}）
Successfully added user: { "user" : "abc", "roles" : [ "readWrite" ] }
>

查看系统内用户信息

> use admin
switched to db admin
> db.system.users.find()
{ "_id" : "admin.admin", "user" : "admin", "db" : "admin", "credentials" : { "MONGODB-CR" : 
"3187df44c217d30c29494785321f996f" }, "roles" : [ { "role" : "root", "db" : "admin" } ] }
{ "_id" : "abc123.abc", "user" : "abc", "db" : "abc123", "credentials" : { "MONGODB-CR" : 
"ecd40369f09cd19405cba88d9cab93df" }, "roles" : [ { "role" : "readWrite", "db" : "abc123" } ] 
}
>

再次增加用户

> use abc123
switched to db abc123
> db.createUser({"user":"abcd","pwd":"321","roles":["readWrite"]})
Successfully added user: { "user" : "abcd", "roles" : [ "readWrite" ] }
>

再次查看系统内用户信息

> use admin
switched to db admin
> db.system.users.find()
{ "_id" : "admin.admin", "user" : "admin", "db" : "admin", "credentials" : { "MONGODB-CR" : 
"3187df44c217d30c29494785321f996f" }, "roles" : [ { "role" : "root", "db" : "admin" } ] }
{ "_id" : "abc123.abc", "user" : "abc", "db" : "abc123", "credentials" : { "MONGODB-CR" : 
"ecd40369f09cd19405cba88d9cab93df" }, "roles" : [ { "role" : "readWrite", "db" : "abc123" } ] 
}
{ "_id" : "abc123.abcd", "user" : "abcd", "db" : "abc123", "credentials" : { "MONGODB-CR" : 
"10eb9fb6afcfb3e2b483e0d0c12f5b0a" }, "roles" : [ { "role" : "readWrite", "db" : "abc123" } ] 
}
>

删除用户

> use abc123
switched to db abc123
> db.dropUser("abcd")
true
> use admin
switched to db admin
> db.system.users.find()
{ "_id" : "admin.admin", "user" : "admin", "db" : "admin", "credentials" : { "MONGODB-CR" : 
"3187df44c217d30c29494785321f996f" }, "roles" : [ { "role" : "root", "db" : "admin" } ] }
{ "_id" : "abc123.abc", "user" : "abc", "db" : "abc123", "credentials" : { "MONGODB-CR" : 
"ecd40369f09cd19405cba88d9cab93df" }, "roles" : [ { "role" : "readWrite", "db" : "abc123" } ] 
}
>

查看当前使用数据库

> db
abc123
>

查看当前数据库中所有用户信息

> show users
{
 "_id" : "abc123.abc",
 "user" : "abc",
 "db" : "abc123",
 "roles" : [
 {
 "role" : "readWrite",
 "db" : "abc123"
 }
 ]
}
>

查看当前数据库状态统计信息

> db.stats()
{
 "db" : "abc123",
 "collections" : 0,
 "objects" : 0,
 "avgObjSize" : 0,
 "dataSize" : 0,
 "storageSize" : 0,
 "numExtents" : 0,
 "indexes" : 0,
 "indexSize" : 0,
 "fileSize" : 0,
 "dataFileVersion" : {

},
 "ok" : 1
}
>

删除当前数据库（删除数据库前，应先删除数据库中的所有用户）

> use abc123
switched to db abc123
> db.dropUser("abc")
true
> db.dropDatabase()
{ "dropped" : "abc123", "ok" : 1 }
>

> use admin
switched to db admin
> show dbs
admin 0.078GB
local 0.078GB
test (empty)
>

查看mongodb版本信息

> db.version()
2.6.11
>

查看当前服务器连接对象

> db.getMongo()
connection to 127.0.0.1
>

修复当前数据库

> db.repairDatabase()
{ "ok" : 1 }
>

数据库加锁，解锁，查看锁状态（适用于执行备份）

加锁

> use admin
switched to db admin
> db.runCommand({fsync:1,lock:1})
{
 "info" : "now locked against writes, use db.fsyncUnlock() to unlock",
 "seeAlso" : "http://dochub.mongodb.org/core/fsynccommand",
 "ok" : 1
}
> db.currentOp()
{
 "inprog" : [ ],
 "fsyncLock" : true,
 "info" : "use db.fsyncUnlock() to terminate the fsync write/snapshot lock"
}
>

解锁

> db.$cmd.sys.unlock.findOne()
{ "ok" : 1, "info" : "unlock completed" }
> db.currentOp()
{ "inprog" : [ ] }
>

备份恢复

备份全库

[root@localhost ~]# mkdir backup
[root@localhost ~]# cd backup/
[root@localhost backup]# mongodump -u admin -p passwd
connected to: 127.0.0.1
2016-06-17T23:15:08.195+0800 all dbs
2016-06-17T23:15:08.195+0800 DATABASE: admin to dump/admin
2016-06-17T23:15:08.195+0800 admin.system.indexes to dump/admin/system.indexes.bson
2016-06-17T23:15:08.204+0800 3 documents
2016-06-17T23:15:08.204+0800 admin.system.users to dump/admin/system.users.bson
2016-06-17T23:15:08.204+0800 3 documents
2016-06-17T23:15:08.204+0800 Metadata for admin.system.users to 
dump/admin/system.users.metadata.json
2016-06-17T23:15:08.204+0800 admin.system.version to dump/admin/system.version.bson
2016-06-17T23:15:08.205+0800 1 documents
2016-06-17T23:15:08.205+0800 Metadata for admin.system.version to 
dump/admin/system.version.metadata.json
2016-06-17T23:15:08.205+0800 DATABASE: abc123 to dump/abc123
2016-06-17T23:15:08.218+0800 DATABASE: ssr to dump/ssr
[root@localhost backup]#

备份指定库

[root@localhost backup]# mongodump -u admin -p passwd -d abc123

恢复全库(进如备份目录）

[root@localhost backup]# mongorestore -u admin -p passwd --drop

恢复指定库（进入备份目录）

[root@localhost backup]# mongorestore -u admin -p passwd -d abc123 --drop

连接远程数据库命令参数和用法

mongo --username <username> --password <password> --host <host> --port 27017

mongo -u <username> -p <password> --host <host> --port 27017

mongo -u <username> -p <password> 192.168.2.222:27017/abc

安装

[root@localhost ~]# yum install memcached

查看安装路径

[root@localhost ~]# rpm -lq memcached
/etc/rc.d/init.d/memcached
/etc/sysconfig/memcached
/usr/bin/memcached
/usr/bin/memcached-tool
/usr/share/doc/memcached-1.4.4
/usr/share/doc/memcached-1.4.4/AUTHORS
/usr/share/doc/memcached-1.4.4/CONTRIBUTORS
/usr/share/doc/memcached-1.4.4/COPYING
/usr/share/doc/memcached-1.4.4/ChangeLog
/usr/share/doc/memcached-1.4.4/NEWS
/usr/share/doc/memcached-1.4.4/README
/usr/share/doc/memcached-1.4.4/protocol.txt
/usr/share/doc/memcached-1.4.4/readme.txt
/usr/share/doc/memcached-1.4.4/threads.txt
/usr/share/man/man1/memcached.1.gz
/var/run/memcached
[root@localhost ~]#

启动服务

查看端口监听

查看默认配置

[root@localhost ~]# cat /etc/sysconfig/memcached
PORT="11211"
USER="memcached"
MAXCONN="1024"
CACHESIZE="64"
OPTIONS=""
[root@localhost ~]#

使用telnet登录验证服务

C:\Users\harveymei>telnet 192.168.2.44 11211
stats
STAT pid 1207
STAT uptime 47
STAT time 1466062672
STAT version 1.4.4
STAT pointer_size 64
STAT rusage_user 0.000000
STAT rusage_system 0.002999
STAT curr_connections 10
STAT total_connections 11
STAT connection_structures 11
STAT cmd_get 0
STAT cmd_set 0
STAT cmd_flush 0
STAT get_hits 0
STAT get_misses 0
STAT delete_misses 0
STAT delete_hits 0
STAT incr_misses 0
STAT incr_hits 0
STAT decr_misses 0
STAT decr_hits 0
STAT cas_misses 0
STAT cas_hits 0
STAT cas_badval 0
STAT auth_cmds 0
STAT auth_errors 0
STAT bytes_read 7
STAT bytes_written 0
STAT limit_maxbytes 67108864
STAT accepting_conns 1
STAT listen_disabled_num 0
STAT threads 4
STAT conn_yields 0
STAT bytes 0
STAT curr_items 0
STAT total_items 0
STAT evictions 0
END
quit
遗失对主机的连接。
C:\Users\harveymei>

下载源码包

[root@localhost ~]# curl -O http://www.memcached.org/files/memcached-1.4.25.tar.gz

安装依赖包

[root@localhost ~]# yum install gcc libevent-devel

编译安装

[root@localhost ~]# tar xzf memcached-1.4.25.tar.gz
[root@localhost ~]# cd memcached-1.4.25
[root@localhost memcached-1.4.25]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/memcached
[root@localhost memcached-1.4.25]# make
[root@localhost memcached-1.4.25]# make install

启动服务

[root@localhost ~]# cd /usr/local/memcached/bin/
[root@localhost bin]# ./memcached -d -u nobody
[root@localhost bin]#

查看运行进程和端口监听
使用防火墙限定可以访问memcached服务的服务器源地址

iptables -I INPUT -p tcp -s 192.168.1.100 --dport 11211 -j ACCEPT
iptables -I INPUT -p udp -s 192.168.1.100 --dport 11211 -j ACCEPT

使用1.4.3或以上版本的memcached支持使用SASL进行登录验证，需要在编译时加入–enable-sasl参数。

下载

[root@localhost ~]# curl -O http://mirrors.example.com/abc.tar.gz

登录验证并下载

[root@localhost ~]# curl -u username:password -O http://mirrors.example.com/abc.tar.gz

下载并重命名文件名称

[root@localhost ~]# curl -o 123.tgz http://mirrors.example.com/abc.tar.gz

断点续传下载（-C -）

[root@localhost ~]# curl -C - -O http://mirrors.example.com/abc.tar.gz

限速下载（默认单位B/s）

[root@localhost ~]# curl --limit-rate 128k -O http://mirrors.example.com/abc.tar.gz

请求头信息

[root@localhost ~]# curl -I 192.168.2.95:8080
 HTTP/1.1 200 OK
 Server: Apache-Coyote/1.1
 Content-Type: text/html;charset=ISO-8859-1
 Transfer-Encoding: chunked
 Date: Tue, 14 Jun 2016 02:26:26 GMT

[root@localhost ~]#